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How to Fix SSH Connection Refused (Port 22)

Read Time: 3 min Updated: 2026-06-26

Quick Diagnostics

The Connection Refused error when trying to connect via SSH means that the client successfully reached the host server, but the server actively rejected the request on port 22. This usually happens because the OpenSSH service is not active, the port was changed, or a firewall is blocking access.

🚀 Step-by-Step Solution

Step 1: Verify the service status on the server

If you have local access or access through your VPS web console, execute:

BASH 
sudo systemctl status ssh

If the status is inactive (dead), start and enable the service so it loads with the system immediately:

BASH 
sudo systemctl enable --now ssh

Step 2: Check the active port

If the service is running, verify if the default port 22 was changed for security reasons:

BASH 
sudo grep "Port" /etc/ssh/sshd_config

If the output shows an alternative port (e.g., Port 2222), connect by specifying it in your local terminal using: ssh user@ip -p 2222.

Step 3: Configure Firewall rules (UFW)

Ensure the firewall allows incoming connections on the SSH port:

BASH 
sudo ufw allow ssh
sudo ufw reload

Prevention Advice

Recommended security practices:

  • Do not use the default port 22 on public servers.
  • Disable direct access for the root user by modifying the sshd_config file.
  • Force authentication using SSH Keys instead of conventional passwords.